7岁以下儿童肥胖影响因素的病例对照研究

A case-control study on influential factors of childhood obesity

目的探讨青岛市城区7岁以下儿童单纯肥胖症发生的影响因素。方法采用1：1配对病例对照研究，对1084例7岁以儿童进行家庭情况、国产期、饮食因素及生活方式等问卷调查。结果单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示，高出生体重（OR=1．826）、食欲好（OR=41．602）、进食速度快（OR=10．998）、父亲肥胖（OR=3．315）或每日看电视时间过长（OR=1．423）、家庭在青岛居住时间长（OR=1．610）6个暴露因素为儿童肥胖发生的危险因素；婴儿4个月内母乳喂养（OR=0．532）和父母看护为主（OR=0．434）为2个保护性因素。结论青岛市城区7岁以下儿童单纯肥胖的影响因素以饮食及生活方式偏差为主。家庭、社会应合力营造富有针对性的综合防治环境，尽快探索出一套科学可行的儿童肥胖干预方案。

Objective To investigate risk factors of simple childhood obesity（CO） among children aged under 7 years in urban areas of Qingdao city. Methods In 1 ： 1 matched case-control study method, 1 084 children aged under 7 years were investigated with a questionnaire for their family conditions, perinatal factors, dietary factors and life styles. Results Single factor and multi-factorial conditioned logistic regression analyses shown that high birth-weight （ OR = 1. 826）, good appetite （ OR = 41. 602 ）, fast eating speed （ OR = 10. 998 ）, father＇ s overweight （ OR = 3. 315 ） or too long TV watching time per day （ OR = 1. 423 ）, longer living time of the family in Qingdao city （ OR = 1. 610） were risk factors of CO, while breast-feeding within 4 months after birth （ OR = 0. 532） and parents caregiving （ OR = 0.434） were two protetive factors of CO. Conclusion The risk factors of CO among children aged under 7 years are mainly dietary factors and poor life style. The family and the society should build an aimed comprehensive prevention and treatment environment and explore a set of scientific and feasible intervention program for CO.