注意力缺陷多动障碍与脑缺氧因子的研究

A study on relationship between ADHD and cerebral anoxia factor

目的探讨注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的低氧诱导因子-1α和一氧化氮的含量，从神经生化角度分析注意力缺陷多动障碍发病机制。方法以《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版（DSM—Ⅳ）为诊断标准，筛选出40名注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童为研究对象，按1：1设立对照组，通过t检验比较不同组别、注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童组不同性别及年龄的低氧诱导因子-α和一氧化氮含量的差异，并进行直线相关分析。结果①实验组和对照组儿童的低氧诱导因子-1α含量分别为42．10±10．79pg／mL和20．37±11．80pg／mL（t=8．59，P〈0．01）；②实验组和对照组儿童一氧化氮含量分别为38．53±10．71μmol/L和28．38±9．71μmol/L（t=4．43，P〈0．01）；⑧实验组男童和女童低氧诱导因子-1α含量分别为41．6±11．74pg／mL和43．5±7．64pg／mL（t=0．64，P〉0．05）；④实验组6～8岁儿童血清低氧诱导因子-1α含量为44．32±10．54pg／mL，9—10岁儿童为38．42±10．52pg／mL（t=1．71，P〉0．05）；⑤实验组男童和女童的一氧化氮含量分别为38．83±10．48μmol/L和37．62±11．92μmol/L（f=0．76，P〉0．05）；⑥实验组中6～8岁儿童血清一氧化氮的含量为39．07±9．69μmol/L，9～10岁儿童的含量为37．64-I-12．53μmol/L（t=4．05，P〉0．05）；⑦实验组儿童低氧诱导因子-1α和一氧化氮含量之间存在正相关（r=0．34，P〈0．05）。结论低氧诱导因子-1α和一氧化氮含量增高表明注意力缺陷多动障碍组儿童存在脑缺氧损伤。

Objective To detect serum contents of hypoxia-inducible factorld （HIF-1α） and nitric oxide （NO） of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, so as to explore pathogenesis of ADHD from neurobiochemistry. Methods DSM-Ⅳwas used as the diagnostic criteria of ADHD and 40 children with ADHD were identified, and other 40 normal children were selected according to principle of 1：1 matching. The serum contents of HIF-1α and NO of children between the two groups, between different genders and between different age subgroups were compared. Linear correlation analysis was conducted with t test. Results （1）The serum content of HIF-let of children in the study group was 42.10± 10.79pg/mL and that in the control group was and 20.37 ± 11.80pg/mL, there was a significant difference between the two groups （ t = 8.59, P 〈 0.01 ） ; （2） The serum content of NO of children in the study group was 38.53 ±10.71μmol/L and that in the control group was 28.38 ±9.711~mol/L, there was a significant difference between the two groups（ t =4.43, P 〈0.01 ） ; （3） In the study group, the serum content of HIF-1α of boys was 41.6 ± 11.74pg/mL and that of girls was 43.5 ±7.64pg/mL;, there was no difference between the two genders （ t = 0.64, P 〉 0.05 ） ; （4） In the study group, the serum content of HIF-1α of children in 6 ~ 8 yeats old subgroup was 44.32 ± 10.54pg/mL,and that of children in 9 ~ 10 years old subgroup was 38.42 ±10.52pg/mL, there was no difference between the two age subgroups（t = 1.71 ,P 〉0.05） ; （5） In the study group, there was no difference in the serum content of NO between the two genders （38.83 ± 10. 48μmol/L vs 37.62 ± 11.92μmol/L, t =0.76,P 〉0.05） ; （6） In the study group, in serum content of NO there was no significant difference between 6 ~ 8 years old subgroup and 9 ~ 10 years old subgroup （ 39.07± 9.69 μmol/L vs 37.64 ±12.53μmol/L, t =4.05 ,P 〉 0. 05）;（7）There was a positive correlation between serum contents of HIF-1α and NO in the study group（ r = 0.34 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Elevated serum contents of HIF-1α and NO suggest that the children with ADHD have hypoxic damage in their brain. But differences in serum contents of HIF-1α and NO of the children with ADHD between different genders and between different age subgroups are not significant statistically.