中国农村工业企业区位变化研究——以江苏省宜兴市万石镇为例

THE DEMONSTRATION STUDY ON EVOLVEMENT OF LOCATION IN CHINESE RURAL REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES——A CASE OF WANSHI TOWN IN JIANGSU

中国农村工业在其发展过程中对区位的选择有很大的特殊性,研究中国农村工业的区位问题可以进一步丰富和完善工业区位理论。文章以对江苏省宜兴市万石镇乡镇企业的实地考察为基础,运用总成本最小模型,分析了改革开放初期我国农村工业企业区位形成的主要原因,探讨了新的环境下区位选择的新变化及其进一步演进的趋势。研究表明,中国农村工业的区位选择有其深刻的社会经济背景,工业区位的一般理论对中国农村工业依然有效。

In this paper we extend the analysis of Weber＇s location by analyzing the location decision of firms in different sectors and different region. The reason why the single plant location is different with developed country in China rural. This has a number of important effects. First,the transaction costs is now different rural enterprises and city enterprises for different economic institution. The transaction costs that private found a plant is higher in city than in rural in 1980s＇The institution environments and consanguinity are able to reduce transaction costs rural industrial enterprises in China rural region. Following from this there is the possibility of effects where the price of land is lower in rural than in city.We consider a simple model with transportation costs, transaction costs, land costs and labor costs. We analyze the process of location change of rural industrial enterprises in China, and find some conclusion. （1）The theory of location still work on rural industry in China. （2）The industrial enterprises achieve success in Chinese rural is a necessary result that non-state enterprises was restricted by center government in city, however, the restriction was feeble in rural. （3）The rural industrial enterprises are centralizing to city and town in China. Transportation cost, centralizing factor, information cost have become main factors that influence location of plant in China.