甘薯平衡施肥与施用钾肥效果的研究

Study on the Effects of Balanced Fertilization and Application of Potassium Fertilizer on Sweet Potato

在豫西半干旱区,采用甘薯高产栽培技术和平衡施肥技术,甘薯产量达到28 666.67 kg/hm^2。1 kg K2O可使甘薯增产7.07-26.26 kg。试验结果表明,在施有机肥7.5 t/hm^2的基础上,施K2O以375 kg/hm^2为宜,可使商薯19增产195 133.34-9 233.34 kg/hm^2,增产率26.42%-47.51%。施K处理比不施K处理可使单株结薯数增加15.21%,最长蔓长缩短7.45%,分枝数增加36.80%,单株鲜薯重增加29.86%。增产原因是以增加单株鲜薯重为主,其次是增加分枝和单株结薯数。在施入适量有机肥和N、P肥基础上,高产、高效的K2O用量为375 kg/hm^2。

The yield of sweet potato reached 28 666.67 kg/hm^2 using the high-yielding cultural and balanced fertilization techniques in semi-arid area in West He＇nan. The yield increased 7.07 - 26. 26 kg by 1 kg K2O. The results showed that the yield of Shangshu 19 increased 195 133.34 -9 233.34 kg/hm^2 and the increasing rate were 26. 42% -47.51% based on 7.5 t/hm^2 organic fertilizer and 375 kg/hm^2 potassium fertilizer. Compared with the treatment of-K, the other treatments could increase the number of sweet potato per plant, the branch number and fresh sweet potato weight per plant by 15.21%, 36. 80% and 29.86%, respectively, and decrease the length of longest vine by 7.45% o The yield increase based mainly on the increasing of fresh sweet potato weight per plant, then on the increasing of fresh sweet potato weight per plant. On the basis of the application of proper quantity of organic fertilizer and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, the quantity of K2O for high yield and high efficient was 375 kg/hm^2.