满族撕纸少儿传承方式的现状与思考

Situation and Ponder on Inheritance Ways of Tearing Paper for Manchu Children

长白山满族剪纸已列入全国非物质文化遗产名录,其中,撕纸是剪纸的重要组成部分。剪纸原始的家族传承方式是手口相传,现阶段主要是分散的、不均衡的传承方式,而学校教育是传承满族撕纸的新尝试。笔者通过研究撕纸教学,对学生形象归类与变形能力、掌握传统撕纸技法的能力等方面进行有针对性的培养,使少儿了解满族人的生活及年俗,对满族撕纸产生兴趣,促进这一民间艺术的传承。

Changbai Mountain Manchu paper-cutting has been included in the National List of Immaterial Cultural Heritage.Tearing paper is an important part of paper-cutting.The original inheritance way is hand-mouth phase mass,now is mainly scat-tered and unbalanced,the school education is the new attempt of Manchu tearing paper.The teaching of tearing paper trains students to record the details of childhood life,grasp the traditional skills,and understand Manchu customs,which can promote the inheritance of folk arts.