红军长征战略转移新论

The New Review on Strategy Shift of The Red Army Long March

一般认为,导致红军长征进行战略转移的原因,是红军第五次反"围剿"的失利,但是,深入研究红军长征的整个过程会发现,导致红军长征这一史实发生的原因有四:一是中共党内连续发生的三次"左"倾错误,使党和红军的自身发展受到限制;二是国内政治经济形势的变化,对根据地和红军的存在发展构成威胁;三是寻找战略依托,寻求苏联援助;四是北上抗日救国。前两个原因是被动原因,后两个是主动原因。在长征的前期,即懋功会师之前,被动原因有重要的影响,红军不得不为了生存而离开根据地,转战于高山大川之间。后期,主动原因开始发挥决定性的作用,明确了长征的方向,扭转了党和红军的命运。

Generally believed that, the reason that caused the Red Army Long March to carry on strategic shift was the failure in the fifth Anti - encircling and suppressing of the Red Army. But, this article has four reasons about it. First, the successive three ＂leftist＂ mistakes that took place in the Communist Party of China got restricted the party and the Red Army＇own development; Second, the changes of domestic political and economic situation threatened the presence and development of the base and the Red Army; Third, seeking strategic reliance and searching for Soviet assistance; Fourth, north march for the Anti - Japanese and nation salvation. The first two reasons are passive, the latter two are active. Early in the long March, before Mao Kong convergence, the passive reasons were important, the Red Army had to leave the base to survive and fight among the mountains and rivers. Late in the long March, the active reasons were began to play a decisive role, it defined the direction of the Long March, reversed the fate of the party and the Red Army.