纳米流体在太阳能光电利用中应用的研究

Research on the application of nano-fluids into the solar photoelectric utilization

纳米流体中颗粒的小尺寸效应使其对太阳能辐射体现出了与普通材料不同的特殊光吸收特性。文章介绍了通过高压微射流分散法制备了稳定的纳米流体,用激光粒度仪观察了分散前后的粒径分布,实验测试了多种颗粒粒径SiO2纳米流体的透射率。用太阳能模拟发生器模拟太阳辐射,对表面加SiO2纳米流体的电池板的性能进行了实验研究,分析了SiO2纳米流体对电池板的开路电压、最大功率以及工作温度的影响。实验结果表明,若能利用纳米颗粒特殊的光学性质改变介质某一波段的辐射特性,探索一种对太阳能可见光高透过、其他波段高吸收的纳米流体,将有望极大地提高热电联用系统的太阳能利用率。

The small-size effect of nano-fluids particle makes it reflect special optical absorption characteristics with other general materials to the solar radiation. The article introduces how to manufacture stable nano-fluids through the high pressure micro jet dispersion method, using laser particle size analyzer to observe the particle size distribution before and after the dispersion, experimentally test the transmittance of a variety of particle size of SiO2 nano-fluids. Through solar energy simulation generator to simulate solar radiation, experimentally studies the characteristics of the cell panel with SiO2 nano- fluids on its surface, and analyses the effect of SiO2 nano- fluids onto the cell panel＇s open-circuit voltage, maximum power and working temperature. The experimental results show that if the special optical properties of nano-particles could be used to change the radiation characteristics of certain band of the medium, and explore a kind of nano-fluids with high permeation to visible light and high absorption to other bands of solar energy, it is expected to greatly improve the solar energy utilization ratio of the thermoelectric combination system.