木霉菌防治植物真菌病害研究进展

Research Progress and Prospect on Trichoderma spp.Control Fungal Plant Disease

木霉菌是一种重要的植物病害生防因子,尤其在防治植物病原真菌病害中一直受到极大的关注。木霉菌依靠其菌株在包括趋向生长、识别、接触、缠绕与穿透等步骤的真菌寄生过程中分泌产生的几丁质酶、葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶等一系列细胞壁降解酶,进行重寄生作用,拮抗其他植物病原菌,行使其生防功能。我们简要概述了木霉菌的种类、拮抗对象、抑菌机制、诱导抗性、促生作用、基于分子生物学的转基因工程研究,以及木霉菌在植物病原真菌生物防治中的应用。

Some Trichoderma strains are promising biocontrol agents for plant disease due to fungi. The biocontrol mechanisms involved in the inclination growth, recognization, contiguity, intertwist, penetration, etc in mycoparasitism, producing a series of cell wall dissolving enzymes such as polysaccharide enzyme, cellulose enzyme, chitinolytic enzyme, albumen enzyme of Trichoderma which is the function of autoeciousness and antagonism of Trichoderma against plant fungal pathogens. In the paper, the authors introduced the categories of Trichoderma, the objects and mechanisms of antagonism, the research of molecular biology, and the potential use of Trichoderma for biological control in plant disease due to fungi.