云南省苹果棉蚜种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析

Genetic Diversity of Apple Aphid Erisosma lanigerum in Yunnan Province Detected by Inter-simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) Analysis

苹果棉蚜是世界性检疫害虫,在云南省苹果主要产区造成严重的危害.从100条ISSR(Inter-si mple Sequence Repeat)引物中共筛选出4条多态性和重复性好的引物,研究了云南省昆明市、丽江市、昭通市3个苹果主产区共57个采样点的苹果棉蚜种群间及种群内的遗传多样性.4条引物在苹果棉蚜DNA中共扩增出49个位点,多态位点百分率为75.51%.由Shannon信息指数和Nei s指数估算的种群间遗传分化系数为42.48%和17.53%,种群内遗传分化系数分别为57.52%和83.17%,表明苹果棉蚜大部分遗传变异主要存在于种群内部.各种群的遗传距离聚类分析表明,昆明种群与昭通种群的亲缘关系较丽江种群为近.研究结果为我国苹果棉蚜的遗传防治研究提供了分子依据,为进一步研究苹果棉蚜的分子进化提供了背景资料.

Woolly apple aphid [Erisosma lanigerum （Hausmann）], a world quarantine pest, seriously threatens the apple production in Yunnan province. A total of 100 ISSR primers with di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-nucleotide repeats were screened, from which 4 polymorphic and informative primers were selected. Amplification of the 4 primers generated 49 polymorphic bands among the aphid populations at 57 sampling sites in the major apple-producing regions of the province： Kunming, Lijiang and Zhaotong, with a total polymorphic locus percentage of 75.51%. Estimated by Shannon information index and Nei＇s index, the inter-population genetic differentiation coefficient was 42.48% and 17.53% and intra-population genetic differentiation coefficient was 57.52% and 83.17%, respectively, suggesting that most variations were within the populations of E. lanigerum. UPGMA （Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages）cluster analysis showed that the Kunming and Zhaotong populations were closely related. This study provided basic information and evidence in molecular biology for the study of E. lanigerurn population ge- netics and evolution in China.