慢性精神分裂症的X线胸片表现分析并文献复习

Analysis on breast X-ray of chronic schizophrenia and Iiterature review

目的探讨慢性精神分裂症胸部x线表现及临床特点对其影响。方法随机抽取在我院精神科住院5年以上的50例患者为精神病组，选取相应健康者为对照组，对其胸片前后对照分析，采用配对t检验对5年前后肺叶面积进行统计学处理；拟订的x线胸片评价标准主要有：①双膈顶上升；②单侧和（或）双侧肺底亚段胜肺不张；③“心脏淹没征”；④心脏旋转，心尖左下延伸；⑤两肺下野纹理聚集；⑥上纵隔影增宽。结果精神病组5年后肺叶面积明显小于5年前，有显著性差异（t=6．7099，P〈0．01）。与对照组比较，精神病组初次胸片示肺叶面积增大（t=2．025，P〈0．05），而末次胸片示肺叶面积明显小于对照组（t=5．512，P〈0．01）。双膈顶上升37例，单侧和（或）双侧肺底亚段性肺不张19例，“心脏淹没征”24例，心脏旋转、心尖左下延伸19例，两肺下野纹理聚集37例，上纵隔影增宽17例。结论慢性精神分裂症患者胸部形态学和病理学改变，其发生与抗精神病药物的不良作用和内分泌紊乱相关。

Objective To research the symptom of breast X-ray of chronic schizophrenia and the influence of its clinical features. Methods Take 50 patients who have been under treatment in our hospital for over 5 years as sample of psychotic group and same number of healthy people as＇ control group. Analyze their X-ray films, using statistics to deal with their lung area of both before and after 5 years. Evaluation Criteria of X-ray： （1） Double layer rise; （2）Single or double lung base subsegmental atelectasis; （3）Heart drown; （4）Heart turing with the heart apex extending to the left; （5）The double lung bottom have gathering stripes; （6）The upper layer have wider shadow. Results The lung lobes of the patient group become smaller than they were 5 years ago. Data show great difference between two years （t=6.7099, P〈0.01）. The lung lobes of psychotic group become bigger than the control group in the first X-ray films （t=2.025, P〈0.05）, but smaller in the last X-ray films （t=5.512, P〈0.01） .Among them, 37 cases show double layer rise; 19 cases show single or double lung base subsegmental atelectasis; 24 cases show heart drown; 19 cases show heart turing and heart apex extending to the left; 37 cases show double lung bottom gathering stripes; 17 cases show wider shadow. Conclusion Morphology and pathology changes of schizophrenia patients are related to the side effect of anti-schizophrenia medicine and endocrine disorders.