长木蜂蜂粮粗提液抑菌活性的研究

Study on the antibacterial activity of the raw extraction from bee bread of Xylocopa tranquebarorum

采用不同溶剂提取长木蜂蜂粮粗提液,并用杯碟法测定所得粗提液的抑菌活性。结果表明:不同的浸提方法提取粗提液得率有明显差别,沸水提取的得率最高,为80.14%;乙醚提取得率最低,为22.96%。不同溶剂的粗提液抑菌活性以70%(质量分数)乙醇粗提液的抑菌活性最强,水提液的次之,沸水提取液的最低。70%乙醇粗提液对细菌的抑菌活性明显大于对真菌的抑菌活性,对不同指示菌的抑菌活性有显著差异,表现为抑菌活性随粗提液浓度梯度增加而增强。粗提液对各种细菌的抑菌活性从高到低依次为:枯草杆菌、鳗弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、耶尔森菌。其中,对枯草芽孢杆菌最大抑菌圈直径为(23.61±0.89)mm。

Crude extracts of bee bread from Xylocopa tranquebarorum were obtained using different solutions. The antibacterial activities of these extracts were investigated by using oxford plate. The results showed that there were significant differences of recovery ratio among different extraction methods. The extraction with boiling water showed the highest recovery ratio of 80.14% , while the extraction with aether showed the lowest recovery ratio of 22.96%. There were also differences of antibacterial activity among different crude extraction. Extract by 70% ethanol extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity, followed by distilled water extracts, the boiling water extracts showed the lowest antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts on bacteria was significantly greater than that on fungi. Also, the antibacterial activity on different bacteria was significantly different. The antibacterial activity on deferent bacterium was as follow： Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio anguillarum, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichi acoli, Yersiniaen terocolitica. The maximal inhibition diameter to Bacillus subtilis was （23.61 ± 0.89） mm.