坎儿井工程量测算新考

A New Perspective on the Measurement of Karez System

通过对坎儿井文化发展史的研究,发现古今中外学者基本统一的观点是,坎儿井是古代三大建筑工程之一,新疆吐鲁番坎儿井暗渠的总长度达5000余公里,可与长城、大运河相媲美,笔者亦曾支持这一观点,后经研究发现,该观点不能反映坎儿井工程量的全貌,因为坎儿井是由竖井、暗渠、龙口、涝坝、明渠等几个部分组成,而暗渠只是坎儿井的组成部分之一,故而萌生了重新考测坎儿井的工程量(经实测竖井+暗渠+龙口等的工程量达到或超过1万公里),重新展现了古老坎儿井工程量的真正全貌,给后人更好地弘扬、继承、发展坎儿井文化奠定了良好基础。

An examination of studies on Turpan karez system reveals a general point of view among scholars at home and abroad： the karez system is one of the three famous projects in Ancient China; the total length of its underground channel is over 5000 kilometers, which makes it compatible with The Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. The writer agrees to it but points out that there is more to the karez system. The System is composed of the shaft, culverts （underground channels）, nullah （surface channels）, the mouth and the logging dam （reservoir）, and culverts are one part of it. Therefore, this study reinvestigates the whole system and finds that is actually as long as or longer than 10,000 kilometers, revealing completely the real face of the system and laying a solid foundation for future studies on Karez system.