古希腊哲学中的复杂性思想

Complexity Thinking in the Ancient Greece Philosophy

人类思维方式从简单性向复杂性的发展是从对事物进行单一性和简单二元对立性认识,以及对事物存在和发展的原因进行刚性决定论的必然性解释的观念的突破开始的,这就是关于"三"和"多"、关于偶然性的非决定论思想和学说的产生。与之相关的一些复杂性的思想在古希腊的哲学中已经有了诸多方面的萌芽状态的阐释。如,在柏拉图和亚里士多德关于"三"和对立允许中介的论述中,在赫拉克利特关于四元素相互转化生成的学说中,在恩培多克勒关于四元素与爱和恨相互作用的多元协同关系的理论中,在德谟克利特等人阐释的原子论学说中,以及在伊壁鸠鲁和卢克莱修对偶然性观念的论述中都不同程度地呈现出了相关的复杂性思想。

Human mode of thinking from simple nature to complexity is begun from what it to thing go on knowledge of unicity and simple binary opponent nature,and the reason exist and develop of thing go on break through of sense of necessity explain of rigid determinism this exactly come into being on'three'and'many',with indeterminism thinking and theory of necessity.The thinking of a few complexity of relevance with which they have explains in the bud of many aspects in the ancient Greece philosophy.For instance,the following their expositions and theories all to varying degrees present relevance the complexity thinking,in the exposition of'three'with opponent and allow medium of Plato and Aristotle,in the theory of change and create each other of four elements of Herakleitos,in the theory of multie cement conspiracy relation between four elements with love and hate of interact of Empedokles,Demokritos so on be explained the atomology,and Epikouros and Lucretius in the exposition to necessity sense.