气管大支气管结核的影像诊断研究

Studies on the Image Diagnosis of Tuberculosis of the Trachea and Major Bronchi

目的：探讨支气管体层摄影对气管、大支气管结核的诊断价值与分型。材料与方法：对１５５例伴有支气管结核症状和５０例不伴有症状的肺结核患者行气管额面与侧后倾斜体层摄影（少数加作支气管造影），并行临床与Ｘ线分析。结果：伴有支气管结核症状患者和不伴有症状患者分别被检出５０例与４例（检出率分别为３２％与８％）经病原学、纤支镜与手术病理证实的支气管结核。以年轻女性居多，左侧多于右侧，多支受累，管腔不同程度狭窄至阻塞。结论：支气管结核检出率的高低与病例的选择及检查方法有关，支气管结核是慢性病，来诊时患者支气管已有不同程度的改变。

Purpose: To study the value of x ray diagnosis and patterns of the trachial and major bronchial tuberculosis by taking bronchial tomography. Materials and Methods: To take coronal and later posterior oblique tomography (sometimes add a bronchography) on 155 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with symptoms of bronchial tuberculosis and 50 cases without. Results: 50 cases with symptoms of bronchial tuberculosis and 4 cases without were confirmed by detecting with fibrochoscopy and operative pathology. The detection rates were 32% and 8% respectively. Yong females predominated. More lesions were located on the left. Multiple bronchi were affected, the lumen were stenosed to various degrees and might even be obstructed. Conclusion: The detection rate of bronchial tuberculosis depends upon patient selection and the method of examination used. Bronchial tuberculosis is a chronic disease. Upon consultation, change already existed to various degree on the bronchis. Most patients could be diagnosed by bronchial tomography of bronchography.