烟台果园土壤水分空间变异规律研究

The Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture in Orchard in Yantai

利用Trime水分速测系统于5月2日、5月13日、5月25日分三次对果园0～100cm土壤水分分层采样后,对土壤水分的数据统计特征、变异函数、分形特征、及其等值线分布进行了分析。结果表明:0～30cm、30～60cm、60～100cm的变异系数值均在0.2023～0.4374范围内,属于中等变异性,且随着深度的增加,变异程度逐渐减弱。底层的自相关范围要大于表层,分维数D与变程A0存在一定的联系性,当分维数D减小时,A0随之增大。随着土层深度的增加,等值线的疏密程度由密变疏,逐渐趋于平缓。表层含水量的等值线图具有明显的高低值区,且高值和低值的区域范围较小,图形破碎化程度严重。中间层的区域变化范围扩大,破碎化程度相对减弱。底层区域的含水量在较大范围内变化并不明显,具有较好的一致性。

The soil water contents within 0-100cm in orchard were determined with Trime soil water system, and then the data statistic, semivariance, and fractal characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the variability coefficient of soil moisture content of each layer was in the middle intensity and the variance of soil water became weaker with increasing of soil depth. The spatial correlation range in bottom soil was larger than that in surface soil. The fractal dimension was relation to the range. The range became larger when the fractal dimension was smaller. The change of spatial isoline distribution of soil water was from denseness to sparseness with increasing of soil depth. The isograms in surface soil had the obvious high regions and low regions, and the regions were small. The distribution fragmenting of soil moisture content was very serious. The change range in middle soil was larger than that in surface soil and the distribution fragmenting of soil moisture content was weaker. The change in bottom soil was not obvious in large region and has a better coherence.