环境中多环芳烃的植物修复技术研究进展

The Progress of Phytoremediation of PAHs Polluted Environments

综述了近年来利用植物修复技术处理环境中多环芳烃污染物的研究状况。重点介绍了多环芳烃对植物的毒性效应以及多环芳烃污染土壤、水体和大气的植物修复技术和原理。多环芳烃对植物的毒性效应主要表现在植物生长抑制和植物体内生理机能衰竭,同时又因多环芳烃污染物种类不同、浓度差异和作用不同的植物而产生不同效果。土壤和水体中的多环芳烃主要是利用植物根系的吸收和富积;土壤中微生物与植物根系互作加速对多环芳烃污染物的吸收、降解和转化。大气中多环芳烃是植物地上表面主要是叶片的吸收作用,并指出影响叶片对大气中多环芳烃吸收多种因素。文章最后对今后利用植物修复技术处理环境中的多环芳烃提出了一定的设想和建议。

Phytoremediation was widely viewed as the ecologically responsible alternative to the environmentally destructive physical remediation methods. This paper introduced emphatically the ecotoxity of PAHs to plant and the significant progress of the phytoremediation of soil and water polluted with PAHs organic pollutants. The ecotoxity of PAHs to plant resulted in inhibitation of plant growth and exhaustion of botanical physiological function. At the same time different kinds of PAHs, different concentration took different effects on different plants. A great of PAHs in soil and water were absorbed and accumulated in roots, the interaction of microorganism and botanical roots in soil promoted the absorption, degradation and transformation of plant on PAHs. The leaves of plant mainly absorbed PAHs in atmosphere. All kinds of factor that influenced leaves absorbed PAHs in atmosphere were pointed. Finally some prospects and advices were given on the disposal of PAHs.