孔子在《墨子》中的形象及地位

The Image and Status of Confucius in Mo-tse

讨论《墨子》中的孔子形象,不能离开墨者对孔子地位的理解。《墨子》对孔子有着认同,但更多的是批判。被认同的孔子形象体现的是孔子在当时的影响,是客观世界的孔子;受批判的孔子体现墨者对孔子的敌意,是墨家主观世界中的孔子。更深层的探讨,要落实到墨者对孔子的定位,这种定位决定了孔子在《墨者》中的形象。墨者将孔子视为权威的竞争者,体现了百家争鸣时期不同学派对权威地位的争夺。

The image of Confucius varies in different texts. There is a degree of recognition with Confucius in Mo-tse, but critiques are more discernible. The recognized image, i.e. Confucius in the objective world, exhibits Confucius＇ influence in his time, while the criticized one, i.e. Confucius in the Mohist subjective world, unfolds Mohist hostility towards Confucius. Further exploration boils down to the positioning of Confucius by Mohists, which works to determine the image of Confucius in Mo-tse. Mohists view Confucius as an authoritative competitor, which reveals the socio-historical reality during the period of a Hundred Schools of Thought contending for discursive power.