岩下窦薄层断面相关解剖与三维重建及其临床意义

Thin sectional anatomy and three dimensional reconstruction of the inferior petrosal sinus

目的:以连续薄层断面显示IPS的形态、走行以及与颈内静脉的关系,为影像断面解剖学研究提供对比参考依据。方法:6例标本经股动脉灌注后,以解剖位放于容器内,在-30℃以下低温状态冰冻保存1周后逐层铣切,头颅连续薄层断面厚度间距为0.1～0.25mm。获取数字图像,将岩下窦、颈内静脉、岩上窦、海绵窦、基底静脉丛等结构分割定义行三维重建。结果:IPS为完整的静脉结构,其起始部并无明确的界限,在IPS沟内向外下方走行,借BVP与对侧交通。在岩枕裂内IPS可分为2支或3支出颅,舌下神经静脉汇入髁前静脉丛,再以不同形式与IPS汇合或融合。IPS汇入颈内静脉或颈静脉球部位高低不同,4侧汇入颈静脉球,其余汇入颈内静脉。结论:在薄层切片图像上能够准确显示并追踪IPS的行程和变异,能够完成较为清晰的三维重建图像,有利于该重要结构的断层影像对照研究。

Objcetive： To evaluate the morphology, course of inferior petrosal sinus （IPS） and its relationship with the internal jugular vein （IJV） on serial thin sections, and supply anatomic data for imaging study. Methods： Six cadavers perfused and settled as anatomical position were freezed at -30℃ for a week, and then serial thin sections of head specimens were performed with the sectioning interval of 0.1mm-0.25mm. After acquisiting of digital images, we reconstructed the IPS, internal jugular vein, superior petrosal sinus, cavernous sinus and basilar venous plexus（BVP）. Results： IPS was an intact venous structure without definition at its start. It descended to the clivus media-laterally along IPS bony sulci, passed through the clivus and interconnected with contralateral ones. IPS divided into two or three branches in the petro-occipital fissure, and joined the anterior condylar vein （ACV）. IPS-IJV junctions were observed at different levels： the level of jugular bulb or IJV. Conclusions： On the serial thin sections, the course and variant of IPS can be revealed and traced accurately. Three-dimensional reconstructed IPS based on sectional anatomy can be acquired clearly, which is helpful for sectional imaging study of IPS.