论“两种文化”及其融合的必然趋势

A Study of Scientific and Humanistic Cultures and the Possibility of Their Integration

科学文化以物为尺度,推崇工具理性至上,追求真实;人文文化以人为中心,推崇价值理性,追求美好。科学文化与人文文化既有区别又有联系,二者在整体上是辩证统一的。科学文化与人文文化的突出区别,则主要表现在文化客体上的不同。科学文化研究自然界及自然界运动变化的规律,认识过程是以人与自然界的对立为前提,以自然界作为指向和尺度,其目标是如实地反映人之外的客观世界;人文文化以探寻人及社会发展规律为主要内容,关注的着眼点指向于社会文化空间的纵深。

Scientific culture, material-oriented, pursues truth and emphasizes instrumental rationality while humanistic culture, human-centered, seeks beauty and stresses value rationality. Reasonably, the two cultures relate to and differ from each other and are dialectically unified. The diversity of the two cultures apparently lies in their distinctive objects. The study of scientific culture refers to the exploration of the movement and change law of nature with antinomy of human and non-human presented in its cognitive process. The study of humanistic culture delves into the development course of human beings and their society with its focus on the depth of social cultural dimensions.