艾比湖流域大气水汽时空分布特征及收支

Spatio-temporal characteristics of vapor and vapor budgets in Lake Ebinur Basin

基于中尺度区域模式RegCM3计算出艾比湖流域2006年大气中水汽含量时空分布特征及其收支情况,并结合土地利用和高程数据定性分析地表状况等因素对艾比湖流域水汽输送的影响进行分析。结果表明(1)流域下垫面状况是影响可降水量年度分布的重要因素。艾比湖流域水汽含量由高到低依次是艾比湖湖区、东部谷地、东北沙漠区、南部山区;(2)1月和7月的水汽含量与温度的分布十分吻合,表明热量是影响水汽季节分布的重要因素;(3)艾比湖水汽通量存在明显的月、季分布特征,春季水汽收支表现为"亏损";冬季为"盈余";夏秋季波动很大;(4)艾比湖流域经向、纬向水汽输送特征明显,全年水汽输送量基本上仅由纬向水汽输送量提供,经向水汽输送量接近零值。(5)从全年尺度上计算,艾比湖流域全年度水汽收支为负,水汽收入为-51 418.048 mm,全流域平均水汽收入为-1.078 mm/km^2,大气收支显"亏损"。

Land surface water cycle process is an important link between land surface and atmosphere, the climate change of Lake Ebinur is the result of the regional interaction of heat and water, therefore, the study of tempo-spatial distribution of water vapor in the Lake Ebinur valley has significantly actual and scientific value. Previous research on the water vapor transfer mostly uses the lower-resolution 2.5° × 2.5 ° NCEP / NCAR data, with the development of regional climate model, the accuracy of the simulation of temperature, humidity, wind and other meteorological indicators was greatly improved. Therefore, the use of the regional climate model simulation results will be a useful experiment. This paper uses meso-scale regional climate model （RegCM3） to integrate the tempospatial distribution characteristic of atmosphere moisture in the Lake Ebinur Basin, and analyze the influence of surface status with the land use and DEM data. The conclusions are as follows： （1） The surface status is the largest important influence factor on the distribution of potential precipitation, the Lake Ebinur region has the most amount of atmosphere moisture, which is surrounded by the eastern valley, northeastern desert and southern mountain region; （2） The average amount of potential precipitation in the Lake Ebinur basin is between 0.55 and 5.5 mm in Jan. , and that of the lake region is between 3.5 and 4.5 mm, less than the amount of eastern valley ; the average amount of potential precipitation in the Lake Ebinur basin is between 5.0 and 40 mm in Jul. , and that of the lake region has the largest one （ 40 - 45 mm）, more than the amount of eastern valley, the distribution of potential precipitation agrees with the distribution of average temperature, so heat is also an important factor to the potential precipitation distribution. （3） The monthly variation of vapor transfer amount was apparent in 2006, and the Lake Ebinur basin losses water vapor in spring and gains water vapor in winter. （4） The characteristic of westward and southward vapor transfer is apparent; the westward vapor transfer is dominant in the Lake Ebinur basin. （5） The annual water vapor budget of the Lake Ebinur Basin is negative and the basin loses 51 418. 048 mm vapor on whole and 1. 078 mm / km^2 on average.