烟酰胺在皮肤科的应用进展

Advances in the application of nicotinamide in dermatology

研究显示，烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸不但是细胞氧化还原的辅酶，而且是单腺苷酸二磷酸核糖转移酶、多聚单腺苷酸二磷酸核糖聚合酶和去乙酰化酶的底物，在多种细胞生理学功能中起重要作用。烟酰胺是合成烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的前体，又是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸一消耗酶的抑制剂，其作用已超出于防治糙皮病。在皮肤科，烟酰胺已用于治疗免疫性大疱病、特应性皮炎、痤疮和酒渣鼻等，并在抗皮肤老化和皮肤美容方面有良好的应用前景。烟酰胺外用的安全性已经确认，但大剂量内服尚未经规范的新药安全性评估。

Recent studies have shown that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NAD） is not only a co-enzyme in cellular oxidation-reduction reactions, but also a substrate for reactions catalyzed by mono （ADP-ribose） transferases, poly （ADP-ribose） polymerases and acetylase, and it play important roles in numerous cellular physiologic functions. Nicotinamide is not only a precursor for the synthesis of NAD, but also an inhibitor of NAD-consuming enzymes. Besides pellagra, nicotinamide has been used to treat immune bullous diseases, atopic dermatitis, rosacea and ache, and so on. Moreover, nicotinamide has shown a favorable perspective in anti-skin aging and cosmetic dermatology. The safety of topical nicotinamide has been already confirmed, but a formal safety evaluation routinely designed for a new drug has not been performed for oral nicotinamide at high dose.