微生物群落与皮肤黏膜健康及相关疾病

Microbiota, mucoeutaneous health and related diseases

通常认为皮肤黏膜表面的微生物是潜在致病菌且种类有限。近年，各种围绕16S rRNA基因序列不依赖培养的分子生物学技术已用于微生物群落的研究。研究发现，皮肤黏膜表面细菌及真菌等微生物群落表现出极大的多样性和个体差异性。微生物群落参与皮肤屏障及天然免疫形成，在皮肤黏膜相关疾病的病因学中，具有不容忽视的影响。因此，对微生物群落的组成和变化特征的准确把握有助于我们更好地理解疾病的发病过程。

Microbes on the surface of skin and mucosa are usually regarded as potential pathogens with limited variety. Various cultivation-independent molecular-biological approaches using the 16S rRNA gene sequence have been used for the analysis of human microbiota. Numerous researches have revealed a high diversity and marked individual difference in the composition of microbial community on the skin and mucosa. Normal microbial flora takes part in the formation of skin barrier and innate immunity, and plays an important role in the aetiology of related mucocutaneous diseases. Thus an accurate understanding of the composition and diversity of microbiota may facilitate the interpretation of development of some diseases.