云南会泽铅锌矿污染导致小麦种子蛋白基因表达的变化

The Alteration of Gene Exp ression of Wheat Seed Proteins by Mineral Pollution of Lead and Zinc in Huize, Yunnan Province

以长期生长于云南会泽铅锌矿区和非污染区的3个小麦品种(云麦29,1257,5118)种子为材料,通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,分析了长期铅、镉、锌污染对小麦种子蛋白基因表达的影响,同时还比较分析了这些种子的发芽率。结果表明,长期铅镉锌污染对小麦种子蛋白基因表达有明显影响,这种影响还具有较强的选择性,即这种影响引起的变化是有方向性的。但在长期铅镉锌复合污染下,这3个小麦品种在品种间,同一品种不同个体间,种子蛋白基因表达发生变化的程度不同,反映出在长期铅、镉、锌污染下小麦的微进化。比较种子蛋白电泳与种子发芽率结果,推测铅、镉、锌污染对种子蛋白基因表达的影响可能与其种子发芽率降低有关。对种子醇溶蛋白的电泳分析,可作为研究重金属对植物的遗传毒理作用的一种快速,灵敏的方法。

By comparison of the PAGE patterns of seed protein of three wheat strains (Yunmai 29, 1257,5118) which have grown in Lead and Zinc mineral of Huize, Yunnan Province for many generations with that of same wheat strains which grow in non-polluted area, the effects of complex pollution of Lead, Cadmium and Zinc on the gene expressions of wheat seed protein were studied. The results showed that the complex pollution of Lead, Cadmium and Zinc influenced the expression of seed protein gene in wheat and this influence effect had remark able choice, in other words, it was oriented. But the degree of alteration between different indi viduals and strains was different. It showed microevolution of wheat under a long term pollution stress of Lead, Cadmium and Zinc. By contrasting the results of seed germination rate with PAGE of seed protein, the influence effects on gene expression of wheat seed protein by the com plex pollution of Lead, Cadmium and Zinc might be concerned with the drop of seed germination rate. According to the experimental results, the analyses of PAGE pattern of gliadin may be ap plied as a rapid sensitive method by which the genetic toxicology of heavy metal on plant is stud ied.