湖北省常用食物中的铬营养成分

Chromium content in common food of Hubei Province

目的:调查常用食物中铬含量,为填补食物营养成分表铬含量空白和指导膳食铬摄入作依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样3115份常用食物样,用微波消解石墨炉原子吸收测定铬含量。结果:粮谷类、豆制品、坚果类、畜肉类和海鲜类食物铬含量较高,蔬菜类、水果类铬含量较低。其中粮谷类为铬的主要营养来源。食物的精加工会使食物中铬含量大大降低:精大米铬含量损失达60%,而红糖的精加工铬含量损失达84%。传统降糖食物南瓜、苦瓜、姬菇、燕麦、洋葱和大蒜的铬含量较高,均值达到70μg/kg。结论:本底空白控制是食物中铬含量测定的关键;动物性食物含铬量高于植物性食物,禾谷类食物的含铬量比水果、蔬菜高。为保障人群铬营养的摄入,食品尤其以大米为主食的地区要尽量避免精加工;传统降糖食物中铬含量较高,除了糖尿病人,日常铬摄入量不足的健康人群也可多吃此类食物。

Objective：To find out chromium content in common food and fill up vacancy of chromium in the dietary nutrient table and provide basis for chromium intake guidance.Methods：Common food samples were collected through multi-stage random stratified sampling,processed by microwave and their chromium content determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.Results：Chromium is high in grains,bean products,nuts and poultry and animal meat,low in vegetables and fruits.Grains are a major source of chromium.Chromium content is greatly reduced in its finely processed products.Overprocessing of rice and sugar lost 60% and 84% chromium content respectively.Traditional lowering blood sugar food is rich in chromium and their average value of chromium content is 70 μg/kg.Conclusion：Baseline chromium content control is the key to accurate determiantion of chromium content in samples.Chromium content is richer in animal food than plant food.Chromium content is higher in grains than vegetables and fruits.For an adequate chromium intake,overprocessing of grains should be avoided,especially in areas with rice as the staple.Except diabetic,normal people who are lack of chromium could intake adequate chromium by eating more traditional lowering blood sugar food.