超分子化学药物研究

Research in supramolecular chemical drugs

超分子药物化学是超分子化学在药学领域的新发展.该领域研究活跃,发展迅速,是一个充满活力的新兴交叉学科领域,并正在逐渐变成一个相对独立的研究领域.迄今已有许多两个或两个以上分子通过非共价键力形成的超分子化学药物应用于临床.超分子化学药物可具有良好的安全性、低毒性、不良反应少、高生物利用度、药物靶向性强、多药耐药性小、生物相容性好、高疗效以及其开发成本低、周期短、成功可能性大等诸多优点而备受关注,显示出超分子化学药物具有很大的发展潜力.本文首次给出了超分子药物的定义.结合自己的工作,参考国内外文献综述了超分子化学药物在抗肿瘤、抗炎镇痛、抗疟、抗菌、抗真菌、抗结核、抗病毒、抗癫痫、作为心血管和磁共振成像药物等医药领域的研究与开发状况,并展望其发展趋势与应用前景.

The supramolecular medicinal chemistry is a new extension of supramolecular chemistry in pharmaceutical sciences, and this research field has been a quite rapidly developing, increasingly active, and newly rising highlight interdiscipline, and is gradually becoming a relatively independent area of research. Supramolecular drugs could be defined as medicinal supermolecules formed by two or more molecules through noncovalent bonds. So far a lot of supermolecules as chemical drugs have been widely used in clinic. Supermolecules as chemical drugs, i.e. supramolecular chemical drugs, which might spend the less expense, take shorter time and have larger possibility as clinic drugs for their successful research and development, may possess higher bioavailability, better biocompatibility and drug-targeting, fewer multidrug-resistances, lower toxicity, less adverse effect, and better curative effects as well as safety, and therefore exhibit wide potential. These overwhelming advantages have been enormously paid special attention. This work for the first time gave the definition of supramolecular drugs, and proposed the concept of supramolecular chemical drugs. Combining with our researches and referring other works from literatures, this paper systematically reviewed the recent advance in the research and development of supermolecules including organic and inorganic complex ones as chemical drugs in antitumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antivirus, anti-epileptic, circulatory system agents and magnetic resonance imaging agents and so on. Among these supramolecular chemical drugs, anti-tumor ones such as the cyclodextrin inclusion compounds, liposomes, nanometer particles and metal complexes like platinum types, anti-inflammatory supermolecules and magnetic resonance imaging agents as representative supermolecules have been extensively investigated very well, and also were the most successful for many of them as supramolecular drugs being used in clinic. The perspectives of the foreseeable future and potential application of supramolecular chemical drugs were also presented. 282 references were reviewed.