当代西方政治冲突解决理论研究述评

Commentary of Contemporary Western Political Conflict Resolution Theories

一切社会的历史都是冲突的历史。与权力、利益、战争与和平一样,"冲突"也是政治学的关键词之一。冲突与冲突的解决构成政治学领域重要的话题。对《冲突解决杂志》1957—2001年所发表文章的统计分析发现,西方政治冲突解决的理论研究,无论其研究对象和领域是国内还是国际,都具有共同的特征、理论和方法,表现在:(1)博弈论是西方学术界分析冲突的主要方法;(2)研究主要集中在沟通、协商、合作、威慑和调停等方面;(3)西方政治冲突的各领域研究是相互渗透、相互影响的。西方政治冲突解决理论推进了当代政治学的研究,使当代政治学的研究对象和理论出发点有了新的变化,使政治分析的着眼点从政治心理转移到政治关系方面,对于我们认识政治冲突与社会和谐、世界和平问题,具有一定的启发意义。

History of all societies is history of conflicts. Just as power, interest, war and peace, conflict is also a keyword of political science. During the past half century, Conflicts and conflict resolution formed an eternal research field. Based on literature analysis of The Journal of Conflict Resolution from 1957 to 2001, this dissertation points out that western theoretical research in conflict resolution shared the same characteristic, theories and methods on internal or international subjects and domains. Firstly, game theory was a main approach of western academia to analyze conflicts. Secondly, the interrelated research was mainly focused in communication, intermediation, cooperation, deterrence and reconcilement, etc. Thirdly, western academia research process and knowledge accumulation were interrelated and interactive. Furthermore, western political resolution theories advanced research of contemporary political science, offered it research objects and springboard of theories, and transferred the pivot of political analysis from political psychology to political relations, and enlightened the Chinese academia to comprehend issues of political conflict, social harmony and world peace, etc.