白洋淀表层沉积物中多环芳烃的含量、分布、来源及生态风险评价

Distribution,Sources,and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Surface Sediments from Baiyangdian Lake

研究了白洋淀表层沉积物中US EPA 16种优先控制的多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布特征和污染来源,其w（PAHs）为101.31 494.8 ng/g（平均值为353.0 ng/g）,与国内其他的湖泊和河流相比,整体处于中等污染水平.安州采样点沉积物中w（PAHs）最高,污染最严重;其次为小田庄、烧车淀、王家寨;污染较轻的采样点为枣林庄、光淀、圈头和端村.在16种多环芳烃单体中,菲、荧蒽、芘、苯并[b]荧蒽所占比例较大.w（荧蒽）/w（芘）和w（菲）/w（蒽）2个比值显示,白洋淀沉积物中多环芳烃的含量和分布受石化材料燃料、煤炭及薪柴燃烧影响较大.风险评价表明,安州采样点表层沉积物对生物存在潜在危害,而其他采样点沉积物潜在风险处于较低水平.

The spatial distribution and sources of 16 priority dominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in surface sediments from Baiyangdian Lake in Hebei province were investigated.The total concentration of PAHs ranged from 101.3 to（1,494.8）（ng/g） dry weight,with an average value of 353.0（ng/g） dry weight,which is moderate level when compared with the PAH concentration in lake and river sediments from other areas in China.The order of total concentration of PAHs in sediments was Anzhou 〉 Xiaotianzhuang,Shaochedian,（Wangjiazhai〉） Zaolinzhuang,Guangdian,Quantou and Duancun.Higher proportions of phenanthrene,fluoranthene,perylene,and benzo[b]fluoranthene were found among 16 PAHs in the sediments.Based on fluoranthene/pyrene and phenanthrene/anthracene ratios,the main sources of PAHs were petroleum combustion,biomass combustion,and coal burning.Risk assessment indicated that the sediment in Anzhou site was most likely to pose biological impairment,while low toxicological risk of PAHs was found in other sampling sites.