手动银杏脱壳机的设计与试验

Equipment design and test of ginkgo manual hulling

针对银杏物料特性和脱壳要求，分析对比了主要的脱壳方法，设计了一种手摇链传动碾搓式银杏脱壳机．通过对不同预处理银杏的脱壳对比试验，发现脱壳效果主要取决于动、定碾搓砂轮之间的间隙和动砂轮的转速．当碾搓砂轮外缘间隙12mm，转速50～60r／min时，分别经水煮、微波、晒干处理和未经预处理的银杏破壳率接近100％，整仁率分别为58％、73％、45％和43％．

The main characters and the request of exuviations of the ginkgo nut had been analyzed at the paper. After normal methods of nut exuviating were compared each other, a manual roller chain driven extrusion-grind was adopted to design an exuviating equipment for ginkgo nut. Based on the exuviating test of the ginkgo nut with different pre-treatments, some key parameters, which influence the result of ginkgo nut exuviating, were discussed, such as the interval gap of the rotating grind disk and the stable grind disk, the rotating speed, etc. With the pre-treatments of poach cooking, microwave heating, drying, or no pre-treatment, the cracked rate （cracked gingko nut quantity in the total tested material） was of 100%, and the integrated kernel rates （ integrated kernel of shelled gingko quantity in the total tested material） were 58%, 73%, 45% and 43% , respectively, while the outer fringe interval of the extrusion grinding wheel was 12 mm and the rotation was 50 - 60 r/min.