填海工程水生生物量损失计算方法的探讨

A method for calculating biomass loss due to reclamation

将生物量损失的计算结合到水质模拟中,分类(鱼类、浮游生物、底栖生物)量化悬浮物与水生生物死亡率的关系,构建出一套计算填海工程造成水生生物量损失的方法。应用在广州港南沙港区二期工程后方仓储用地陆域形成工程的计算。结果表明,该方法综合考虑了生物类别、生物量空间分布、悬浮物源强和悬浮物运动等因素,与传统计算方法相比,其结果在总量上是相近的,但能更有效并直观地反映出工程对水生生态影响的种类分成和空间分布情况。

An approach for calculating biomass loss during reclamation projects （including reclamation and dredging） is presented based on three considerations. （1） combining biomass loss calculation into water quality simulation, （2） expanding monitoring data with geo-statistics, and （3） formulating a quantitative relationship between suspended substance and mortality rate of hydrobios （classified as fish, plankton, and benthos）. This method was used in the Reclamation Project of Backside Dock Warehousing Land of Nansha Port Area Phase Ⅱ Project of Guangzhou Port. The results show that the method has fully considered the factors of biological category, biomass spatial distribution, suspended substance （SS） source, and SS movement. It is similar to the traditional method but it can directly and more effectively clarify the impact of reclamation engineering on aquatic species and their spatial distributions.