中国当代语言学史的口述研究

Oral History Studies on Chinese Contemporary History of Linguistics

现代意义的口述历史诞生于20世纪中叶的历史学领域,它是一门既古老又年轻的学科。口述历史的方法拓宽了史学研究的领域和范围。自20世纪80年代起,中国口述史学进入新的发展阶段,并逐渐与国际口述历史研究接轨。当前,口述史学是史学研究中的一个新领域,也是一种新的实证研究方法。在我国,口述研究已见于历史学、社会学、人类学、民俗学等领域,但在语言学研究上还是空白。本文从中国语言学史的研究方法入手,首次提出在该领域采用口述历史研究方法的意义及可行性和必要性,旨在为观察、研究本学科现代发展史提供全新的视点和方法。

Oral history is both the oldest type of historical inquiry, predating the written word, and one of the most modern one, initiated with tape recorders in the 1940s.Oral history is a method of gathering and preserving historical information through recorded interviews with participants in past events and ways of life. Oral history records the living memories and feelings of all kinds of people, many otherwise hidden from history, and creates a more vivid picture of our past. Oral history is new and exciting because it is interactive ： it is a shared history and a rare chance to actually talk to history face to face. This paper describes the traditional way of study in Chinese contemporary history of linguistics. For the first time, it stresses the possibility and necessity when introducing oral history into Chinese linguistics. Its aim is to provide a completely new evidential approach and viewpoint for the modern development of Chinese linguistics.