人参茎叶总皂甙抗疲劳作用的体内实验研究

Experimental study for the anti-fatigue effect of ginseng general ginsenosides P.E. in vivo

目的确定人参茎叶总皂甙抗疲劳作用的有效剂量,探讨人参茎叶总皂甙抗疲劳的作用机制。方法健康成年雄性SD大鼠每日灌胃给予人参茎叶总皂甙水溶液,剂量分别为50、150、250mg/kg,另设未处理组和模型对照组分别灌胃等量蒸馏水,连续30天,于末次灌胃30min后,对大鼠进行力竭游泳实验,测定其力竭游泳时间、肌糖原、肝糖原、肝细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肝细胞丙二醛(MDA)、红细胞膜钠-钾三磷酸腺苷酶(Na+-K+-ATP酶)和钙-镁三磷酸腺苷酶(Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶)、肌细胞琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)水平。结果力竭游泳实验后人参皂甙中、高剂量组大鼠体重高于模型对照组(P<0.05);模型对照组的部分脏器系数(如脑体比、肾体比、肾上腺系数、胸腺系数)与其它组的相比差异有显著性(P<0.05);高剂量组大鼠力竭游泳时间大于模型对照组(P<0.05);未处理组、中剂量组及高剂量组肝细胞含量大于模型对照组和低剂量组(P<0.05),且肝细胞MDA含量小于模型对照组和低剂量组(P<0.01);未处理组和高剂量组大鼠红细胞膜(Na+-K+-ATP酶)酶活性大于模型对照组(P<0.05),而各组大鼠红细胞膜(Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶)酶水平呈趋势性增高,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);模型对照组大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原及肌细胞SDH含量均低于未处理组和高剂量组(P<0.05)。结论人参茎叶总皂甙可以提高大鼠对疲劳运动的耐受力,从而发挥抵抗疲劳的作用。

Objective To investigate the effective dose and the possible mechanism of the anti-fatigue effect of ginsenosides and then deduce to the recommended intake of human body. Methods Healthy adult male SD rats intook ginsenosides solution every day through stomach at doses of 50, 150, 250mg/kg per day, other rats were divided into untreated group and model control group, given equal amount of distilled water for 30 days. Conducted exhaustive swimming experiment for rats except untreated group on the last day of gavage after 30 minutes. Determine the time of the exhaustive swimming, organ coefficient, liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, malonaldehyde（MDA） of liver ceils, superoxide dismutase （SOD） of liver cells, Na^＋ -K^＋ adenosine triphosphatase （ Na^＋ -K^＋ -ATPase） and Ca^2＋ -Mg^2＋ adenosine triphosphatase （Ca^2＋ -Mg^2＋ -ATPase） of erythrocyte, blood lactate, fumaric reductase. Results The body weight of rats middle, high dose group were higher than that in model control group after exhaustive swimming （ P 〈 0.05）. The time of the exhaustive swimming of high dose group were longer than model control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Some organ coefficient of model control group have statistically significant compared with other groups （such as brain, kidney, adrenal, thymus coefficient） （ P 〈 0.05）. The activity of SOD of liver cells of untreated group, middle dose group and high dose group were higher than model control group and low dose group （ P 〈 0.05）, but the level of MDA of liver cells of them were lower than model control group and low dose group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, the activity of Na^＋ - K^＋ -ATPase of erythrocyte of untreated group and high dose group were higher than model control group （P 〈 0.05）, but the activity of Ca^2＋ -Mg^2＋ - ATPase of erythrocyte of each group had no statistical significance（ P 〉 0.05）. The level of liver glycogen, muscle glycogen and fumaric reductase of model control group were lower than untreated group and high dose group（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion At the experimental conditions, ginsenosides solution of 250mg/kg can improve the tolerance of rats in fatigue campaign and have the function of anti - fatigue.