某电解铅厂作业工人健康检查结果分析

ANALYSIS OF HEALTH EXAMINATION ON WORKERS IN A ELECTROLYTIC LEAD FACTORY

目的探讨电解铅作业中多种有害因素联合作用对工人健康的影响。方法以电解铅电解工86人为接触组,同厂成品铸锭工69人为对照组,通过问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查等方式,比较二组的健康状况。同时测定生产环境中铅尘、铅烟、砷及其化合物、氟化物的浓度。结果生产环境中铅尘、铅烟、砷及其化合物、氟化物等毒物均未超过国家标准。接触组自觉症状中有皮疹、流泪、嗅觉减退、咳嗽、鼻干、牙齿松动6项的检出率明显高于对照组;体检项目中有慢性鼻炎、慢性咽炎、慢性支气管炎、慢性结膜炎4项的检出率明显高于对照组;实验室检查项目中有肝功能、尿潜血、肝功能、贫血、尿蛋白5项的检出率明显高于对照组。结论在电解铅生产过程中由于作业工人长期接触多种有害物质,其健康状况已受到明显影响。

Objective To investigate the effect of electrolytic lead in a wide range of harmful factors on the combined impact of health. Methods 86 workers exposed to electrolytic lead was recruited in exposure group, 69 ingot workers in the same factory were used as controls. Health status of the two groups was compared through questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. Simultaneous determination was performed on the production environment of lead dust, smoke lead, arsenic and its compounds, fluoride concentrations. Results Lead dust, smoke lead, arsenic and its compounds, fluoride and other toxins in the environment did not exceed national standards. Symptoms in exposure group included skin rashes, crying, decreased sense of smell, cough, dry nose, teeth loosening, the detection rates of the above 6 items were significantly higher than those in controls; medical projects, included chronic rhinitis, .chronic pharyngitis, chronic bronchitis, chronic conjunctival Yah, occurrence rates of the 4 items were significantly higher than those in the control. Laboratory projects including liver function, urine occult blood, liver function, anemia and urinary protein, the occurrence of the 5 items were significantly higher than those in the control. Conclusion The health status of electrolytic lead - exposed workers, due to the long - term exposure to a variety of harmful substances, has been significantly affected.