2141名学龄前儿童血铅水平调查研究

Investigation on lead level in blood of 2141 preschool children

目的:了解丰台区目前学龄前儿童血铅水平,为制定积极有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采取整群分层随机抽样的方法,选择北京市丰台区6所城区幼儿园和6所农村幼儿园在园2～6岁儿童2 141名,采用阳极溶出分析法测定血铅水平。结果:丰台区学龄前儿童血铅水平均数为73.90μg/L,其中铅中毒发生率为10.46%;儿童血铅水平存在显著的性别差异,男童铅中毒发生率高于女童,且具有统计意义;血铅水平以2岁组儿童血铅水平最高;儿童血铅水平无显著的地域差异,城市儿童血铅水平和血铅≥100μg/L的发生率与农村儿童无差别(P>0.05)。结论:目前丰台区儿童铅中毒绝大多数处于轻中度铅中毒水平,应采取积极、多样的健康宣教等干预措施防治儿童铅中毒。

Objective： To estimate lead level in blood of children in Fengtai District, provide scientific foundation for constituting effective intervention measures. Methods： 2 141 preschool children aged 3 -6 years from 12 kindergartens in Fengtai District were selected by stratified cluster sampling, the lead level in blood was detected by anodic stripping. Results： The mean lead level in blood was 73.90 μg/L, and the mean incidence of lead poisoning was 10. 46% ; the incidence of lead poisoning in boys was significantly higher than that in girls; the highest level of lead was found in children aged 2 years; there was no difference in lead level between different districts, while there was no difference in lead level ≥ 100 μg/L between town and country （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusion ： Lead poisoning of children in Fengtai District is mild or moderate, various healthy education should be carried out to prevent .lead poisoning in children.