新疆大麦种质资源农艺性状和醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析

Agronomic Trait of Germplasm Resources and Genetic Diversity of Hordein in Xinjiang Barley

为给新疆大麦种质资源的开发利用和今后新疆大麦高产优质新品种的选育提供依据，根据大麦的8个农艺性状表现，采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A—PAGE）对国内外50份大麦种质资源的农艺性状和醇溶蛋白的遗传多样性进行了分析评价。结果表明，供试大麦品种农艺性状的变异系数（CV％）取值范围在9．15％～41．68％。平均23．96％。多样性指数（日）介于1．400～2．039，平均1．810。各农艺性状的遗传多样性指数都较大。具有丰富的遗传多样性；对供试材料的农艺性状进行聚类分析，50份大麦材料在遗传距离（GD）3．28时可被聚为5大类。利用A—PAGE对50个供试大麦品种进行检测，共分离出21种相对迁移率不同的醇溶蛋白谱带，即参试品种具有21个醇溶蛋白等位变异位点。平均每个品种分离出0．42条多态性谱带，表明这些品种具有丰富的遗传变异；对供试材料的醇溶蛋白电泳结果进行聚类分析，50份大麦材料在遗传距离（GD）0．44处聚为6个大类。

The experiment was conducted to analyze and evaluate the agronomic trait of germplasm resources and genetic diversity of hardein from 50 barleys by 8 agonomic trait and acidic poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis （A - PAGE ）. The results showed that variation coefficient （ CV% ） varied from 0. 9.15 % to 0. 41.68 %,average was 23.96% . The diversity index was from 1.400 to 2.039 average was 1.810. There was great diversity index among genetic trait of 50 barley. The agronomic trait used as tested materials was analyzed by cluster. Cluster analysis showed that 50 barley could be classified into 5groups at the level of GD 3.28; The 50 barleys were analyzed by A - PAGE to study genetic diversity of hordein. The results showed that a total of 21 hordein bands with relatively different migration rate was identified in these materials. The 0.42 diversity band was separated from each barley in average. The findings suggested that the hordein patterns in barley were greatly various. Cluster analysis showed that 50 barleys could be classified into 6 groups at the level of GD 0.44.