二战时期英国绥靖政策对犹太人的影响——析1939年《关于巴勒斯坦问题白皮书》

British Appeasement Policy’s Influence on Jews in the 2nd World War——Analysis of 《1939 White Paper on Palestine》

英国1939年《关于巴勒斯坦问题白皮书》的出台,既有其历史背景,又是对犹太复国主义态度的转折性的改变,并认为1939年的《白皮书》就是英国30年代对德、意绥靖政策的另类表现,是英国绥靖总格局中的一部分,它所带来的直接后果是助长了欧洲法西斯势力的气焰,导致了二战期间欧洲大量犹太人惨遭纳粹杀害,同时也间接成为以色列建国的一个催化剂,从而埋下了中东问题的隐患。1939年的《白皮书》的出台也从侧面反映出英国实力正逐步走向衰弱。

This paper attempts to illustrate the essence and influence of ＂1939 White Paper on Palestine＂ through the historical backgrounds from its issue and the abrupt change of attitude toward Zionism by British government. In fact, its essence is a kind of expression of British Appeasement Policy toward Germany and Italy in the 1930s. The 1939 White Paper is also a part of British Appeasement Policy. What it brought about directly is to encourage the increasing power of Fascism and a large number of the European Jews＇ holocaust in the Second World War. Meanwhile, it became a catalysis indirectly which resulted in the endless conflicts and problems in the Middle-East. Besides, the changing policy of Britain in Palestine reflects a kind of declining tendency in British power and its international status. The author aims not only to enrich the meaning of British Appeasement Policy, but also to offer us some enlightenment to probe into the complexity and flexibility of current ＇affairs in the Middle-East through this paper.