茂兰喀斯特峰丛中部常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落特征及多样性研究

Study on the Community Characteristics and Biodiversity of Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forests in Middle Parts of Karst Mountains in Maolan

研究了贵州茂兰自然保护区喀斯特峰丛中部典型常绿落叶阔叶混交林的群落特征、群落内种子植物的区系特点以及群落物种多样性。结果表明:茂兰喀斯特峰丛中部常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落由乔、灌、草及层间藤本植物组成,种类组成丰富,样地(1 800 m2)共有植物146种,分属55个科,其中种属比较多的科有樟科、壳斗科、山茱萸科、胡桃科、榛科等,群落无明显优势树种;群落以常绿树种、革质叶、高位芽植物为主;群落的植物区系与泛热带植物区系和热带亚洲植物区系的关系最为密切,热带、亚热带分布的属占65.31%,群落具有明显的热带亚热带植物区系特征。群落物种多样性指数、均匀度指数,生态优势度指数较高,群落结构复杂、稳定。

In this research, the characteristics of the community, spermatophyte （inside community）rea type and community species diversity of the representative mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forests of karst mountainin in Maolan, Guizhou Province were studied. Results indicated that the communities were composed of trees, shrubs, grass and inter-strata lianas ; the species were rich and there were totally 146 plant species belonged to 55 families in the 1 800 m^2 of sampling plots, among which such families as Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Cornaeeae, Juglandaceae and Corylaceae were comparatively rich in genera and species; there was no obviously dominant species in the community; the main plants in the communities were evergreen trees, leathery leaves and phanerophytes; the community plant area type was most closely affinitive with the pantropic and tropic asian plant area types, and the genera in the tropic and sub-tropic accounted for 65.31%, the communities had evident characterisitics of the tropic and sub-tropic area types. The communities＇ biodiversity index, consistency index and ecological dominant index were comparatively high, the community structures were complex and stable.