饲料中大豆蛋白对草鱼生长及饲料利用的影响

Effects of Different Levels of Dietary Soybean Protein on Growth Performance and Feed Utilization of Ctenopharyngondon idellus

以健康的草鱼为试验对象,初始体质量(50.63±0.43)g,在室内[(22±3)℃]单循环控温养殖系统中进行8周生长试验,以鱼粉为动物蛋白源,去皮豆粕为植物蛋白源,去皮豆粕分别替代0%、15%、30%、45%和60%的鱼粉蛋白,配制成5种等蛋白(w=30%)等能(15.6 MJ.kg-1)的半精制饲料,探讨大豆蛋白对草鱼生长及饲料利用的影响.结果表明,草鱼的特定生长率(SGR)各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);随着大豆蛋白替代水平的增加,饲料效率(FER)、蛋白质效率(PER)及蛋白质沉积率(PPV)逐渐增加,60%组开始下降,但仍显著高于对照组(P<0.05).因此,在此试验条件下,草鱼配合饲料蛋白水平为w=30%时,大豆蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白的最适宜量为45%.最大替代量为60%.过量添加大豆蛋白,将影响草鱼的生长及饲料利用.

Effects of different levels of dietary soybean protein on growth performance and feed utilization of ctenopharyngondon idellus were studied. A growth trial was conducted on juvenile fish with initial body mass of （50.63±0. 43 ） g for 8 weeks at controlled temperature （22±3 ）℃ in single recireulating system. Fish meal and dehulled soybean meal were used as protein source. Five isonitrogenous （w=30% protein） and isoenergetic （ 15.6 MJ·kg^-1 ） diets, with dehulled soybean meal replacing level 0%, 15% , 30% , 45% and 60% of fish meal protein, were formulated to feed juveniles. The results indicated that there were no significant differences （ P 〉 0.05 ） among different groups in specific growth rate ; With increasing of soybean protein replacement level, feed efficiency rate, protein efficiency rate and productive protein value increased gradually, although the decreasing trend was observed when replacement level reached 60%, they were significantly （P 〈 0. 05） higher than that of the control group. It was suggested that the optimum replacement level for fish meal protein by soybean protein was 45% and maximum replacement level was 60% when the protein level of feed was 30%. Excessive soybean protein would produce negative responses on growth performance and feed utilization of Ctenopharyngondon idellus.