试论旅游经济与环境保护的关系——以香溪河风景线为例

A DISCUSSION ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURIST ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ——Taking the traveling route of Xiangxi River as an example

阐述了旅游经济与环境保护矛盾的由来；分析了旅游经济系统、景观生态系统的结构与功能。指出旅游经济系统的旅游产品结构、旅游行业结构同环境保护关系最为关系，只有对其结构实行优化，才可能解决它们与景观生态系统结构之间的矛盾，把旅游经济活动对生态与环境的影响降低到最小程度。旅游经济系统功能与景观生态系统功能，受其结构影响也经常处于矛盾关态之中。自然景观生态系统是通过食物链和食物网进行物质、能量传递的。倘若旅游经济系统某个开发项目打断了食物链，就可能破坏生态平衡。鉴于旅游区“三废”增多、环境污染日趋严重，因此在旅游经济系统中增强分解还原功能是环保重要内容。文章最后阐述了香溪河风景线上影响旅游业的水土流失、自然灾害、环境污染等问题及其对策。

This article expounds the origin of contradictions between tourist economy and environmental protection,and analyses the relationship between the structure and function of landscape ecosystem and tourist economic system on the one hand and environmental protection on the other hand.We consider that the structures of tourist production and tourist trades in tourist economic system have the most close relationship with environmental protection.Only when their structures get improved that we can solve the contradictions between the tourist economic system and the landscape ecosystem,and abate the influence of tourist activities on eco environment to a great extent.The functions of landscape ecosystem and tourist economic system are influenced by their structures and always in a contradictional situation.We know that the natural landscape ecosystem transmits its energy and matter through food chain or food web,and if a tourist developmental project breads the food chain,ecological balance will be destroyed.In view of the ever increasing quantity of pollutants in tourist area,strengthening the decomposition function of tourist economic system becomes an important content in environmental protection.In the end of this article we deal with the problems that affect the tourist trade,such as soil erosion,natural disaster,environmental pollution,etc,as well as the measures to tackle the problems along the Xiangxi river travelling route.