生物柴油作为精喹禾灵乳油中二甲苯替代溶剂的应用初探

Preliminary Application of Biodiesel as Substitute Solvent instead of Xylene for Quizalofop-p-ethyl EC

为评价不同来源生物柴油作为溶剂配制精喹禾灵乳油的效果,采用气相色谱法测定了几种生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯的种类及含量,利用相应制备的5%精喹禾灵乳油进行了防治禾本科杂草的盆栽试验,同时比较了不同生物柴油对药剂稀释液表面张力、干燥时间和在叶片表面沉积量等药液物理性状的影响。结果表明,用不同脂肪酸甲酯含量的生物柴油均能够制备出合格的5%精喹禾灵乳油,并且利用生物柴油制备的乳油在使用剂量为有效成分2g/hm2时防效略高于常规以二甲苯为溶剂配制的乳油,5g/hm2和20g/hm2剂量下无显著差异;生物柴油配制乳油稀释液与二甲苯配制乳油稀释液的表面张力差异不显著,但前者的沉积量则明显提高50%左右,能提高稀释液在小麦叶片的渗透速率。上述结果初步表明,生物柴油作为精喹禾灵乳油的替代溶剂具有一定的可行性。

To evaluate the potential of several biodiesels,which had different content of fatty acid methyl ester,as substitute solvent for quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate（EC）,the type and content of fatty acid methyl esters in tested biodiesels were analyzed by gas chromatography,and 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl ECs were prepared with different biodiesels,respectively.The control test against gramineous weeds by the 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl ECs were carried out in greenhouse.And the surface tensions,dry durations and sediment amounts of different EC dilutions on weed leaves were investigated.The results indicated that the 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC could be prepared with different biodiesels and were all up to grade.The efficacy on gramineous weeds was higher than that of control EC prepared with xylene,at the dose of 2 g（a.i.）/hm^2 and had no significant difference at the dose of 5 and 20 g（a.i.）/hm^2.Biodiesels could not depress the surface tension of EC diluents compared with that of the xylene control,but the deposition of the former was significantly increased by 50 percent.Biodiesels could increase the penetration rate on wheat leaf.The results showed that biodiesel has the potential as substitute solvent for the preparation of quizalofop-p-ethyl EC.