垂体柄断层解剖与MRI对照研究

Pituitary Stalk: A Comparative Study Between the Sectional Anatomy and MR Imaging

目的：给垂体和垂体柄病变的影像学诊断提供解剖学和影像学依据。材料与方法：利用３５例头颅横断、冠状和矢状断层标本，１０３例头颅ＭＲＩ，对照研究了垂体柄的大小、形态、插入垂体上缘的部位及冠状面上的偏斜程度。结果：在断层标本和ＭＲＩ上测得垂体柄长分别为８．８６±１．７１ｍｍ和９．０１±２．００ｍｍ；在视交叉处的横径分别为３．０８±０．５０ｍｍ和３．０２±０．６１ｍｍ，前后径分别为２．９９±０．４０ｍｍ和３．０９±０．６１ｍｍ；插入垂体处的横径分别为２．００±０．３０ｍｍ和２．０６±０．４０ｍｍ，前后径分别为１．９２±０．４０ｍｍ和１．９０±０．４８ｍｍ；插入垂体上缘中后１／３交界处分别为９４％和９６％。上述所有数据两两比较（断层标本与ＭＲＩ）均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．１０）。在冠状ＭＲＩ上垂体柄有偏斜者占３３％，偏斜范围为１～４ｍｍ。结论：ＭＲＩ与断层标本对一系列的测量值具有高度一致性。

Objective: To provide anatomic and imaging data for diagnosis disorders in the pituitary gland and stalk.Materials and Methods:The size, shape, position inserting the upper margin of the pituitary gland and extent of tilt of the pituitary stalk were studied comparatively with 35 specimens of axial cross, coronal and sagittal cranial sections and 103 cases of cranial MRI.Results:The pituitary stalk was measured on the sections and MR images. Its length was 8.86±1.71mm, 9.01±2.00mm the transverse and anteroposterior diameter at the optic chiasm were 3.08±0.50mm, 3.02±0.61mm and 2.99±0.40mm, 3.09±0.61mm at the pituitary insertion were 2.00±0.30mm, 2.06±0.40mm and 1.92±0.40mm, 1.90±0.48mm respectively. The position inserting the upper margin of the pituitary gland was at the joint of one third of median and posterior parts on the sections (94%) and MR images (96%). There was no significant difference between the sections and MR images. On coronal MR images, tilt of the pituitary stalk was found in 34 cases (33%), ranged from 1 to 4mm.Conclusion: There is much correspondence between measured data of MRIs and that of the sections, that is important for distinguish the normal from abnormal pituitary gland and stalk.