科技创新体系的动力机制设计

The Mechanism Design of the Scientific and Technological Innovation System

本文运用演化经济学、组织知识管理等方法,对科技创新体系进行动力设计。该体系原动力是人的需要和利益追求,竞争和环境波动会增强这些原动力;惰性、既得利益者以及路径依赖构成体系内在惯性;两者的制衡维体系平衡,创新意识是体系的导向。体系在微观、行业和宏观分别表象为企业对环境波动的适应性反馈、合作竞争形成的制度网络、国家的宏观控制和超国界的科技合作。体系具有系统性、风险性、路径依赖性和制度性等特征。

The driving force of the science and technology innovation system is based on the requirement and interest pursuit of people, which will be enhanced by the competition and the environment fluctuations. The driving force together with the inherent inertia, which contains human sloth, the obstruction of vested interests and the path depending of technology, keep the balance of the system, The innovation ideology which is risen from the interaction between the innovator and the outside world composes the oriented mechanism. For the micro-level, the system is characterized by the knowledge innovation and the adaptive feedback on the tluctuant environment. For the industry level, the system is able to be defined as competition and cooperation network. Nevertheless, both the macro-control by the government and the cooperation between countries con- struct the system on the macro-level. The characteristics of the scientific and technological system include the system, venture, path dependence and institution.