食管胃连接处疾病的病因学和形态学研究现状

Current Status of Studies on Etiology and Morphology of Diseases at Esophagogastric Junction

食管胃连接处（EGJ）系指食管与胃的交界，其组织学具有特殊性。贲门部是连接远端食管与胃底黏膜的区域，贲门是否存在及其真实长度仍存有争议。EGJ所涉及的疾病主要有贲门炎、反流性食管炎（RE）和Barrett食管（BE），三者间存在一定的联系.

Esophagogastric junction （EGJ） is a special histological region located between esophagus and stomach. Gastric cardia is an area that connects distal esophagus and gastric fundus; the question of its existence and length is still controversial. Diseases at EGJ mainly include carditis, reflux esophagitis （RE） and Barrett＇s esophagus （BE）. A correlation exists between these three types of lesion. RE can lead to intestinal metaplasia of esophageal epithelium and cause BE,which is a precancerous lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma and needs follow up. Carditis can also lead to intestinal metaplasia. Recent investigations have shown that intestinal metaplasia in BE are accompanied by some special morphologic features, including hybrid glands, esophageal glands/ducts, multilayered epithelium and pancreatic acinar metaplasia. Improving the identification of BE from morphology can clinically help its monitoring.