基于乡镇级耕层土壤养分空间变异研究

Study on spatial variability of soil nutrients in the plow layer in Chaoyang town

利用地统计学方法和地理信息系统技术分析辽宁省昌图县朝阳镇耕层土壤养分的数据统计特征、空间变异性和分维数及空间分布规律。研究结果表明，有机质的含量普遍较低，碱解氮的含量普遍较高；有机质及速效养分含量的变异系数顺序为碱解氮〈速效钾〈有机质〈速效磷；地统计学半方差分析结果显示，有机质、速效磷的块金值与基台值的比值介于25％～75％之间，具有中等程度空间相关性。碱解氮的块金值与基台值的比值大于75％，空间相关性较弱。速效钾的块金值与基台值的比值小于25％，具有强烈的空间相关性。碱解氮的分维值D最大为1．996，速效钾的分维值D最小为1．802，表明碱解氮的空间分布比速效钾的空间分布复杂。

Soil nutrients statistic characteristics, spstial variability, fractal and spatial distribution of Chaoyang town in Liaoning province Changtu county were studied with geo-statistics analysis and geographical information system （GIS） technique. Results showed as follows： The soils were widely deficient of orgnic matter. The content of soil available N was relatively higher. The variation coefficients of soil available nutrients were graded as N 〈 K 〈 OM 〈 P. Result of semi-variance analysis with geostatistics showed that nugget/sill of soil orgnic, available P range was 25% -75%, and presented moderate spatial dependence; nugget/sill of soil available N was more than 75%, and presented weak spatial dependence; nugget/sill of soil available K was less than 25%, and presented strong spatial dependence. Fractal of soil available N was highest, the data was 1. 996 ; fractal of soil available K was lowest, the data was 1. 802. The result showed that spatial distribution of available N was more complex than available K.