经转子大孔径髓芯减压术对人股骨颈力学强度的影响

Biomechanical study of femoral neck after large aperture core decompression

目的观察经转子大孔径髓芯减压术对人股骨颈生物力学强度的影响。方法取新鲜人股骨7对,随机选取其中一侧行经转子大孔径(D=16mm)单纯髓芯减压术,另一侧作对照。在AGS-10KND万能生物材料实验机上进行力学性能测试,观察股骨颈的力学刚度及强度。结果经转子大孔径髓芯减压后股骨颈强度及最大负载较对照股骨颈明显下降(P<0.05),但其最大负载>2.75倍体质量(60kg)。结论经转子大孔径髓芯减压术会降低股骨颈的力学强度,但减压后的股骨颈强度能够提供足够的力学支撑。股骨颈力学强度下降后发生股骨颈骨折的可能性增加,临床实施该手术时可采用其他方法增强股骨颈强度或延迟负重。

Objective To study the effect of large aperture core decompression on the biomechanics of the femoral neck. Methods Biomechanical test of the femoral neck was performed on 7 couples of fresh human＇ s femoral specimens. One side of each couple was randomly selected for large aperture core decompression（ D = 16 ram）. The other side was as normal control. The rigidity and intensity of each side of femoral neck were measured by using universal material testing machine. Results The intensity and the max load of femoral neck after the large aperture core decompression were significantly lower than that of the normal control（P 〈 0.05 ）. But the max load was over 2.75 times larger than the body weight of 60 kg. Conclusions The large aperttLre core decompression could decrease mechanical support for femoral neck. But the femoral neck after the large aperture core decompression can afford enough power for person standing and ambling. The decreased intensity of femoral neck could enhance the possibility of fracture. To prevent the occurrence of fracture, other methods were used clinically to strength the femoral neck or delay the weight loading time.