浅析一般认知能力理论及其与绩效的关系

Preliminary Analysis of General Cognitive Ability and Its Relation with Job Performance

一般认知能力具有一般性的能力因素,它能跨越不同的领域、职业、职级表现出相同精神特质。一般认知能力是学习、认知过程所必需的能力。作为一种注重认知过程的能力,一般认知能力是一种发展的能力。一般认知能力主要是由具体才能来构建,并通过特殊能力来表现。具体才能和特殊能力对一般认知能力并没有增量效度。大量的元分析结果说明了GCA对绩效具有较好的预测效度,且预测效度是工作复杂性的函数。一般认知能力测验的使用最严重的问题就是认知能力测验分数存在群体差异,这种差异影响了选拔的结果。

General cognitive ability （ GCA ） is a general factor that demonstrates the same mental traits across different fields, professions and ranks. It is an essential ability to learning and cognitive process and it is a developing ability as it focuses on cognitive process. It is constructed by general abilities and demonstrated by specific abilities, the tests of the two with no incremental validity over GCA. Meta - analysis studies have shown the strong predictive validity of GCA in relation with job performance. The most serious problem with the use of GCA tests is that the scores vary between social groups, which may affect the result of the selection.