三门峡水库原型试验对区域水资源开发影响

Effects of Sanmenxia Reservoir prototype experiment on regional water resources development

通过2002～2004年三门峡水库原型试验期间的水库水资源平衡计算以及库区典型区域地下水监测资料分析，发现原型试验的3年间，三门峡水库对库区地下水补给量分别为19．3亿m^3、20．3亿m^3、23．6亿m^3，呈逐年增加的变化趋势；黄河滩地区域的地下水位与水库水位存在线性相关关系，原型试验前后水库水位与地下水位变化差值发生明显变化；黄土塬区地下水水位急剧变化，水位变化幅度增加，区域地下水补给关系发生改变。研究表明，原型试验期间，三门峡库区部分区域的地表、地下水资源补给关系发生改变，直接影响区域水资源开发利用，需要采取有效措施减少水库运行方式变化对水资源开发利用的影响。

By analyzing the water balance and groundwater monitoring data from the prototype experiment in the Sanmenxia Reservoir from 2002 to 2004, it was found that the reservoir replenishment to groundwater increased continuously, from 1.93 billion m^3 （2002） to 2.03 billion m^3 （2003）, and finally to 2.36 billion m^3 （2004）; the groundwater level in the Yellow River floodplain was linearly related to the reservoir water level; both the reservoir water level and groundwater level after the prototype experiment differed greatly from those after the experiment; the groundwater level in the loessial plateau varied greatly with increasing increments; and the groundwater recharge system was modified. As the development and utilization of regional water resources have been affected by the modified recharge system, effective measures should be taken to mitigate the effects of reservoir operation mode adjustment on water resources development.