印尼农业发展成就、政府扶助农业的主要政策措施及存在的问题

Agriculture in Indonesia:Development,Problems and Government Supporting Policies and Measures

印尼是一个农业大国,农业在国民经济中历来占有十分重要的地位。独立以后,印尼历届政府基本上都强调要优先发展农业,并采取了一系列政策措施支撑农业的发展,除了大力发展粮食生产努力实现稻米自给外,还发展了价值高、销路大的经济作物,为全国大量的劳动力提供了就业机会。但印尼农业发展的势头在减弱,耕地面积减少、农业基础设施不足,机械化仍处于低水平,农村贫困问题在加深等,这些都给今后的农业发展带来新的困难。印尼要完成从传统农业向现代农业的转化仍要经过一个艰难的历程。

Indonesia is a big agricultural country, its agriculture has consistently played a very important role in economy. Since independence, all the previous governments have given policy priority to the development of agriculture and adopted a series of policies and measures to support agricultural devdopment. In addition to substantial efforts in enhancing crop production to realise self-sufflciency in rice supply, the devdopment of other high-value, high-demanded agricultural products was also encouraged. However, in recent years, the development of Indonesian agriculture has lost momeentum, which has been reflected on the decrease in cultivated area, insufficient infi＇astructure supporting agriculture and the deterioration of poverty issue in rural communities. All of these have created new problems and hindered the future development of agriculture in the country, suggesting that the transformation from traditional to modem agriculture in Indonesia is likely to undergo a long and tough course.