人体前庭感觉上皮胆碱能神经免疫细胞化学研究

Immunocytochemical study of cholinergic innervation in the neurosensory epithelia of human vestibule

目的探讨胆碱能神经在人体前庭终器的神经支配。方法以乙酰胆碱（Ａｃｈ）的合成酶胆碱乙酰基转移酶（ｃｈｏｌｉｎｅａｃｅｔｙｌｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ，ＣｈＡＴ）为标记物，应用包埋前染色免疫细胞化学方法，透射电镜观察５例尸头双侧前庭感觉上皮中ＣｈＡＴ的分布。结果人体前庭终器感觉上皮层内富含突触小泡的神经末梢和神经纤维呈现ＣｈＡＴ染色反应阳性，它们与包绕Ⅰ型前庭毛细胞的传入神经盏形成轴－树突触，并直接与Ⅱ型前庭毛细胞胞体形成轴－体突触。结论ＣｈＡＴ定位于前庭传出神经系统，人体前庭Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型毛细胞都受胆碱能传出神经支配。

Objective To investigate the cholinergic innervation of the neurosensory epithelia of human vestibule. Methods A modified preembedding immunostaining technique for immunoelectron microscopy was applied to this study. A polyclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was used as the marker of cholinergic fibers. Results ChAT immunoreactive products were restricted to the nerve fibers and terminals which were rich in synaptic vesicles. The ChAT immunoreactive fibers synaps with afferent chalice as well as with type Ⅱ sensory hair cells. Conclusion This study demonstrates that cholinergic fibers innervate the neurosensory epithelia of human vestible. The cholinergic fibers of human vestibular sensory epithelia blong to the vestibular efferent system.