神经生长因子在面神经损伤修复中作用的实验研究

The experimental study of the facial nerve regeneration in silicone chamber: the influence of nerve growth factor

目的研究神经生长因子（ｎｅｒｖｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＮＧＦ）在面神经损伤修复中的作用。方法将新西兰家兔３０只双侧面神经上颊支横断后置入硅胶神经再生腔，一侧注入ＮＧＦ为实验侧，另侧注入生理盐水为对照侧。术后４周和８周各取１５只家兔进行组织学观察及形态定量分析。结果术后４周，实验侧再生神经成功１１支，神经髓鞘厚度０．７７９±０．４７５μｍ，有髓轴突计数共２０２４±１９９９；对照侧再生神经成功８支，髓鞘厚度０．４１３±０．１３２μｍ，有髓轴突计数共３６８±１７１，ｔ检验两侧差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后８周，再生神经更显成熟，再生神经有髓轴突直径、面积、髓鞘厚度及轴突计数均明显优于对照侧，两侧差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＮＧＦ在面神经损伤修复中具有促进作用。

Objective To elucidate the role of NGF in the regeneration of facial nerve. Methods The superior buccal division of facial nerve of adult New Zealand rabbit was transected and a nerve growth chamber created. The chamber of the experimental side was filled with NGF/normal saline and that of the control side with normal salinealone. Four and eight weeks after operation, the regenerated nerves in the chambers were dissected for histological studies. Results Four weeks after operation ,the average thickness of myelin sheath and the average number of myelinated axons were 0.779±0.475 μm、2 024±1 999( n =11)in experimental group and 0.413±0.132 μm、368±171( n =8)in contol sides respectively. There was significant difference between the experimental sides and control sides( P < 0.05). Eight weeks after operation, the regenerated nerve appeared more mature. There were significant difference in the average diameters, the thickness of myelin sheath and the number of myelinated axons between the experimental and control sides( P <0.05). Conclusion NGF within a silicone chamber enhanced facial nerve regeneration in New Zealand rabbits.