横风对高速动车组直线运行动力学性能的影响

Influence of Cross-wind on Dynamic Performance of High-speed EMU on Straight Track

通过建立高速动车组动力学仿真模型,分析了高速动车组在所受气动升力、侧力和倾覆力矩作用下的运行安全性.以某350 km/h动车组为原型,采用动拖动的编组方式,建立了列车动力学模型.动车转向架采用转臂式轴箱定位结构,二系悬挂由空气弹簧与横向减振器、抗蛇行减振器组成.研究常速横风及阵风对动车组各车的影响.仿真结果表明:横向风对脱轨系数、轮重减载率及轮轨横向力均有很大的影响,尤其是轮重减载率,在所计算的工况下,几乎所有的轮重减载率均超出了标准要求,因此在横向阵风的作用下,动车必须限速运行,否则会有脱轨的危险;另外,阵风对动车组的影响要大于常值侧风,并且横风对头车的影响比其他车辆要大很多.

By building dynamic simulation model for high-speed EMU, this paper analyzes the running safety of EMU under the effect of aerodynamic side force, lift force and rolling moment. Taking one kind of 350km/h EMU as a prototype, a train dynamic model is built with the motor-trailer-motor arrangement. The tumbler journal box is adopted in the bogie of the vehicle and the secondary suspension system consists of air spring, lateral damper and the longitudinal damper. The influence of the mild wind （15 m/s） and the gust crosswind （25 m/s） on the EMU is researched. Simulation results show that the crosswind has a big influence not only on the wheel set lateral force, derailment coefficient but also on the wheel load decrease rate. Nearly all of the wheel load reduction rates exceed the criteria. The running speed of the EMU must decrease to avoid the derailment from the view point of wheel load reduction rate. The gust crosswind has a bigger influence than the mild wind on the EMU and the front vehicle is more influenced by the crosswind than the other vehicles.